Saturn – S6 FPGA Development Board with DDR SDRAM

An OR gate using transistors is a basic logic circuit built using NPN transistors that performs the logical OR function. It gives a high output when at least one input is high. This is a fundamental building block in digital electronics and can be implemented using discrete components like transistors and resistors.

A Battery High-Low Monitor is an electronic circuit or device that detects and indicates the voltage level of a battery — whether it’s too high (overcharged), normal, or too low (discharged). It helps protect batteries from overcharging or deep discharge, which can damage the battery or reduce its lifespan.

These monitors often use comparators, voltage dividers, LED indicators, or microcontrollers to track and display battery status in real time.